/* ==========================================================================
   Page — bands, hero, chapters, prose, stat devices, nav, footer
   ========================================================================== */

/* ---- Bands --------------------------------------------------------------- */

.band {
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: var(--sp-9) 0;
  position: relative;
}
.band--dark { background: var(--dark); color: var(--dark-ink); }
.band--tint { background: var(--paper-2); }
.band--tight { padding: var(--sp-7) 0; }
.band--flush { padding-top: 0; }

.band + .band--tint,
.band--tint + .band { border-top: 1px solid var(--rule-soft); }

.wrap      { width: var(--measure); margin-inline: auto; }
.wrap-wide { width: var(--measure-wide); margin-inline: auto; }
.wrap-full { width: var(--measure-full); margin-inline: auto; }

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .band { padding: var(--sp-7) 0; }
}

/* ---- Progress + chapter nav ---------------------------------------------- */

#progress-track {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0 0 auto 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 8%, transparent);
  z-index: 90;
  pointer-events: none;
}
#progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--c-inflation);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
  will-change: transform;
}

.chapter-nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 3px; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 88;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .75rem;
  padding: .5rem clamp(.9rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 88%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(1.4) blur(12px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(1.4) blur(12px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  transform: translateY(-110%);
  transition: transform var(--dur) var(--ease);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
.chapter-nav.is-on { transform: none; }

.chapter-nav__mark {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 620;
  font-size: .93rem;
  letter-spacing: -.01em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.chapter-nav__sep { color: var(--ink-3); }
.chapter-nav__current {
  font-size: .84rem;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  min-width: 0;
}
.chapter-nav__btn {
  margin-left: auto;
  flex: none;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .4rem;
  min-height: 36px;
  padding: .3rem .8rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  background: var(--card);
  border-radius: var(--r-pill);
  font-size: .8rem;
  font-weight: 580;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.chapter-nav__btn:hover { background: var(--paper-2); }
@media (pointer: coarse) { .chapter-nav__btn { min-height: 40px; } }

.toc {
  position: fixed;
  top: calc(3px + 3.1rem);
  right: clamp(.6rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  z-index: 89;
  width: min(22rem, calc(100vw - 1.6rem));
  max-height: min(70vh, 34rem);
  overflow-y: auto;
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  padding: .55rem;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(-8px);
  transition: opacity var(--dur) var(--ease), transform var(--dur) var(--ease), visibility var(--dur);
}
.toc.is-open { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: none; }
.toc ol { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; counter-reset: toc; }
.toc a {
  display: flex;
  gap: .7rem;
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: .55rem .6rem;
  min-height: var(--tap);
  border-radius: var(--r-sm);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: .87rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}
.toc a::before {
  counter-increment: toc;
  content: counter(toc, decimal-leading-zero);
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-num;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  flex: none;
}
.toc a:hover { background: var(--paper-2); color: var(--ink); }
.toc a.is-current { background: var(--paper-2); color: var(--ink); font-weight: 620; }

/* ---- Hero ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100svh;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
  background: var(--dark);
  color: var(--dark-ink);
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: clamp(1.2rem, 3vh, 2.4rem) 0 clamp(1.2rem, 3vh, 2rem);
}

.hero__top {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin-inline: auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: .75rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--dark-ink-3);
}
.hero__top b { color: var(--dark-ink-2); font-weight: 620; }

.hero__mid {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin-inline: auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  grid-template-areas: "head viz" "say viz";
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  column-gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  row-gap: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.6rem);
  align-items: center;
  padding-block: clamp(1.2rem, 3.5vh, 2.6rem);
}
.hero__head { grid-area: head; align-self: end; }
.hero__say  { grid-area: say; align-self: start; min-width: 0; }
.hero__viz  { grid-area: viz; }

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  /* Headline, then the picture, then the explanation: the chart is the hook
     on a phone and should not sit three screens down. */
  .hero__mid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    grid-template-areas: "head" "viz" "say";
    row-gap: 1.1rem;
  }
  .hero { min-height: auto; padding-bottom: var(--sp-6); }
  .hero__lede { font-size: 1.08rem; line-height: 1.5; }
}

.hero h1 {
  font-size: var(--fs-hero);
  line-height: .98;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
}
.hero h1 em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--c-inflation);
}
.hero__lede {
  font-size: var(--fs-lede);
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--dark-ink-2);
  max-width: 34rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
}
.hero__lede b { color: var(--dark-ink); font-weight: 600; }

.hero__meta {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--dark-ink-3);
  max-width: 32rem;
}
.hero__meta a { color: var(--dark-ink-2); }

.hero__viz {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
}

.hero__bottom {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin-inline: auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero__scroll {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .55rem;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--dark-ink-3);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.hero__scroll span.arrow {
  display: inline-block;
  animation: nudge 2.4s var(--ease) infinite;
}
@keyframes nudge {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
  50%      { transform: translateY(4px); }
}

/* ---- Chapters ------------------------------------------------------------- */

.chapter__head {
  width: var(--measure);
  margin: 0 auto var(--sp-6);
}
.chapter__num {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  font-weight: 640;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-inflation);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .8rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.chapter__num::after {
  content: "";
  flex: 1;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--rule);
}
.chapter__title {
  font-size: var(--fs-h2);
  letter-spacing: -0.028em;
  margin: 0 0 .9rem;
}
.chapter__standfirst {
  font-size: var(--fs-lede);
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 0;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.prose { width: var(--measure); margin-inline: auto; }
.prose > * + * { margin-top: 1.05em; }
.prose h3 {
  font-size: var(--fs-h3);
  margin-top: 2.2em;
  margin-bottom: .1em;
  letter-spacing: -0.014em;
}
.prose h3 + p { margin-top: .5em; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 1.3em; margin-block: 1.05em; }
.prose li + li { margin-top: .45em; }
.prose li::marker { color: var(--ink-3); }

.lead-in::first-letter {
  float: left;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 3.3em;
  line-height: .82;
  padding: .05em .09em 0 0;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--c-inflation);
}

/* ---- Inline emphasis devices ---------------------------------------------- */

.term {
  border-bottom: 1.5px dotted var(--c-nominal);
  cursor: help;
  font-weight: 560;
}

.mark-inf { color: var(--c-inflation); font-weight: 600; }
.mark-nom { color: var(--c-nominal); font-weight: 600; }
.mark-loss { color: var(--c-loss); font-weight: 600; }
.mark-gain { color: var(--c-gain); font-weight: 600; }

.pull {
  width: var(--measure-wide);
  margin: var(--sp-8) auto;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3.4vw, 2.15rem);
  line-height: 1.28;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-wrap: balance;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--c-inflation);
  padding-left: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2rem);
}
.pull cite {
  display: block;
  margin-top: .9rem;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  font-style: normal;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}

/* ---- Stat devices ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.statline {
  width: var(--measure-wide);
  margin: var(--sp-7) auto;
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--sp-5);
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(13rem, 1fr));
}
.stat {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: .8rem;
}
.stat--loss { border-top-color: var(--c-loss); }
.stat--gain { border-top-color: var(--c-gain); }
.stat--inf  { border-top-color: var(--c-inflation); }
.stat--nom  { border-top-color: var(--c-nominal); }
.stat__value {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-stat);
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-num lining-nums;
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: .45rem;
}
.stat--loss .stat__value { color: var(--c-loss); }
.stat--gain .stat__value { color: var(--c-gain); }
.stat--inf  .stat__value { color: var(--c-inflation); }
.stat--nom  .stat__value { color: var(--c-nominal); }
.stat__label {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-small);
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  display: block;
}
.stat__source {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  color: var(--ink-3);
  display: block;
  margin-top: .4rem;
}

/* ---- Callout card ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.callout {
  width: var(--measure);
  margin: var(--sp-6) auto;
  background: var(--paper-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--c-nominal);
  border-radius: 0 var(--r-md) var(--r-md) 0;
  padding: var(--sp-4) var(--sp-5);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-small);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}
.band--dark .callout { background: var(--dark-2); border-color: var(--dark-rule); border-left-color: var(--c-nominal); }
.callout__title {
  display: block;
  font-weight: 640;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: .35rem;
  letter-spacing: .01em;
}
.callout--warn { border-left-color: var(--c-accent); }
.callout--wide { width: var(--measure-wide); }

/* ---- Definition strip ------------------------------------------------------ */

.defs {
  width: var(--measure-wide);
  margin: var(--sp-6) auto;
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--sp-4);
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
}
@media (max-width: 620px) { .defs { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.def {
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r-md);
  padding: var(--sp-4);
}
.band--dark .def { background: var(--dark-2); border-color: var(--dark-rule); }
.def__term {
  display: block;
  font-size: var(--fs-small);
  font-weight: 640;
  margin-bottom: .3rem;
}
.def__body { font-size: var(--fs-micro); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }

/* ---- Scrollytelling -------------------------------------------------------- */

.scrolly {
  position: relative;
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin-inline: auto;
}
.scrolly__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 22rem);
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  align-items: start;
}
.scrolly__sticky {
  position: sticky;
  top: max(4.5rem, 8vh);
  min-width: 0;
}
.scrolly__steps { display: grid; }
.scrolly__step {
  min-height: 76vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}
.scrolly__step:last-child { min-height: 60vh; }
.scrolly__card {
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  padding: var(--sp-5);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  opacity: .35;
  transform: translateY(6px);
  transition: opacity var(--dur) var(--ease), transform var(--dur) var(--ease);
}
.band--dark .scrolly__card { background: var(--dark-2); border-color: var(--dark-rule); }
.scrolly__step.is-active .scrolly__card { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.scrolly__card h3 {
  font-size: 1.12rem;
  margin: 0 0 .5rem;
  letter-spacing: -.01em;
}
.scrolly__card p {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-small);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 0;
}
.scrolly__year {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  font-weight: 640;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--c-inflation);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: .5rem;
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .scrolly__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; }
  .scrolly__sticky {
    position: sticky;
    top: 3.4rem;
    z-index: 2;
    background: var(--paper);
    padding-block: .5rem 1rem;
    margin-inline: calc(var(--sp-3) * -1);
    padding-inline: var(--sp-3);
  }
  .band--dark .scrolly__sticky { background: var(--dark); }
  .scrolly__step { min-height: 62vh; align-items: flex-start; padding-top: 1.2rem; }
  .scrolly__card { opacity: .45; }
}

/* ---- Two-up ---------------------------------------------------------------- */

.twoup {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin: var(--sp-7) auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 20rem), 1fr));
  gap: var(--sp-6);
  align-items: start;
}

/* ---- Footer ----------------------------------------------------------------- */

.site-footer {
  background: var(--dark);
  color: var(--dark-ink-2);
  padding: var(--sp-9) 0 var(--sp-7);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-small);
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.site-footer h2 {
  color: var(--dark-ink);
  font-size: var(--fs-h3);
  margin-bottom: .8rem;
}
.site-footer h3 {
  color: var(--dark-ink);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  font-weight: 640;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin: 0 0 .7rem;
}
.site-footer a { color: var(--dark-ink); }
.footer-grid {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin-inline: auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 16rem), 1fr));
  gap: var(--sp-6);
  padding-top: var(--sp-6);
  margin-top: var(--sp-6);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--dark-rule);
}
.footer-grid p { margin-bottom: .8rem; }
.footer-grid ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.footer-grid li + li { margin-top: .5rem; }
.citation {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin-inline: auto;
  background: var(--dark-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--dark-rule);
  border-radius: var(--r-md);
  padding: var(--sp-4) var(--sp-5);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.citation code {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .95em;
  color: var(--dark-ink);
  word-break: break-word;
}
.colophon {
  width: var(--measure-full);
  margin: var(--sp-7) auto 0;
  padding-top: var(--sp-5);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--dark-rule);
  font-size: var(--fs-micro);
  color: var(--dark-ink-3);
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: .6rem 1.5rem;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

/* ---- Print ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

@media print {
  #progress-track, .chapter-nav, .toc, .hero__scroll { display: none !important; }
  .band, .hero, .site-footer { background: #fff !important; color: #000 !important; }
  .js .reveal { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; }
}

/* ---- Inline definitions ---------------------------------------------------- */

.term__wrap { position: relative; display: inline; }
.term--btn {
  appearance: none;
  background: none;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1.5px dotted var(--c-nominal);
  padding: 0 0 1px;
  margin: 0;
  font: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  font-weight: 560;
  cursor: pointer;
  line-height: inherit;
}
.term--btn::after {
  content: "?";
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: .62em;
  font-weight: 700;
  vertical-align: super;
  color: var(--c-nominal);
  margin-left: .12em;
}
.term--btn:hover { border-bottom-style: solid; }
.term--btn[aria-expanded="true"] {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--c-nominal) 14%, transparent);
  border-bottom-style: solid;
}
.term__panel {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 20;
  top: calc(100% + .55rem);
  left: 0;
  width: min(22rem, 78vw);
  background: var(--card);
  color: var(--ink-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: var(--r-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  padding: .8rem .95rem;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: var(--fs-small);
  line-height: 1.55;
  display: block;
}
.band--dark .term__panel { background: var(--dark-2); border-color: var(--dark-rule); }
.term__panel[hidden] { display: none; }